Why Does the Coffee Ratio Matter?
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Important Context:
The "Golden Ratio" (1:16) is a starting point, not a magic number. Brew method, grind size, roast level, and water temperature all affect extraction. This calculator removes guesswork — but taste still has the final vote.
The "Golden Ratio" (1:16) is a starting point, not a magic number. Brew method, grind size, roast level, and water temperature all affect extraction. This calculator removes guesswork — but taste still has the final vote.
The Science of Coffee Extraction
Coffee is 98% water. If you use too much water, it tastes weak and watery (under-extracted). If you use too little, it tastes bitter and dry (over-extracted).
Most people blame the beans when coffee tastes bad — but extraction is usually the real problem. Bitter coffee is often over-extracted, while sour coffee is usually under-extracted. Changing the coffee-to-water ratio is often more effective than buying "better" beans.
Understanding the SCAA Golden Cup Standard
The SCAA Golden Cup Standard (Specialty Coffee Association of America) determined that 1:16 is the ideal ratio. That means for every 1 gram of coffee, you use 16 grams of water. This hits the sweet spot of flavor extraction—between 18-22% extraction.
Extraction Zones:
- Under-extracted (<18%): Sour, salty, weak. Fix: Use more coffee (1:15 ratio) or finer grind.
- Optimal (18-22%): Balanced, sweet, complex. SCAA Golden Cup zone (1:15 to 1:18).
- Over-extracted (>22%): Bitter, dry, astringent. Fix: Use less coffee (1:17 ratio) or coarser grind.
How to Use This Tool
- Weigh your beans: Using a scale is the only way to be consistent. "Scoops" can vary by 50% depending on the bean roast.
- Grind fresh: Only grind what you need for this brew. Coffee starts losing flavor 15 minutes after grinding.
- Follow method-specific techniques: Pour-over needs slow circular pouring. French press needs 4-minute steep time.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much coffee do I need for 2 cups? ▼
For 2 standard cups (12oz each = 24oz total = 710ml water), use:
- Golden Ratio (1:16): 44g coffee (~9 tablespoons)
- Strong (1:15): 47g coffee (~9.5 tablespoons)
- Mild (1:17): 42g coffee (~8.5 tablespoons)
How much coffee per cup of water? ▼
For one 8oz cup (237ml water), the SCAA Golden Ratio recommends: 15g coffee (about 3 tablespoons). This follows the 1:16 coffee-to-water ratio. Adjust based on taste preference.
What is the best coffee to water ratio for pour over? ▼
Pour over coffee works best with a 1:16 to 1:17 ratio. For example: 20g coffee to 320-340ml water. This ratio provides high clarity and allows the coffee's origin characteristics to shine. Start with 1:16 and adjust to taste.
Is the 1:16 golden ratio always right? ▼
No. The 1:16 ratio (SCAA standard) is the best starting point. If you prefer a heavier body, try 1:15. If you want tea-like clarity, try 1:17. Personal taste always wins over math. Different brewing methods also prefer different ratios.
Why does my coffee taste sour or bitter? ▼
Sour coffee: Usually under-extracted. The water didn't pull enough sugar/flavor out. Fix: Use a finer grind or more coffee (1:15 ratio).
Bitter coffee: Usually over-extracted. You pulled too many tannins out. Fix: Use a coarser grind or less coffee (1:17 ratio).
Bitter coffee: Usually over-extracted. You pulled too many tannins out. Fix: Use a coarser grind or less coffee (1:17 ratio).
What is a "cup" size in this tool? ▼
We calculate based on a real human mug (10oz / 300ml).
Note: Coffee machine manufacturers often define a "cup" as only 5oz or 6oz. If you are filling a 12-cup machine carafe, input "6 mugs" into our tool to match the volume.
Note: Coffee machine manufacturers often define a "cup" as only 5oz or 6oz. If you are filling a 12-cup machine carafe, input "6 mugs" into our tool to match the volume.